Dui Toledo / how I use AI

How I use AI

I run dozens of agents, explore what they can and can’t do, and write down what I learn so you can try it too.

What I’m learning.

Longer explanations tied to the artifacts that produced them. These are living documents: they change when the machinery or the conclusion changes.

What does it actually look like?8 min

Control planes, supervisors, and change control

Most of the conversation about agents stops at the harness: the tools, skills, memory, permissions, and loop that turn a model into something that can make changes. But the harness is still designed around one agent.

Once people inside a company are each running a dozen agents, the problem changes. Control planes coordinate them. Supervisors make sure they are actually running. Change control proves what happened and whether the organization can safely move forward.

These are the layers that keep humans from becoming routers, babysitters, and approval buttons as ten agents become fifty, one hundred, or one thousand.

How do you trust it?13 min

How do you trust the output?

Two engineering leaders, in two separate first sessions, asked me the same question in the same words: how do you trust the AI output? I don't. And the two things everyone reaches for first, unit tests and manual code review, are exactly the two things that stop working.

Unit tests don't catch customer regressions. Manual review doesn't scale past a handful of agents. What replaces them is a verification cycle that lives outside the code the agent wrote and as close to the customer as you can afford.

Eight steps, in the order a change moves through them, from the agent review that lets it out of the pull request to the rollback that beats any fix forward.

What went wrong?7 min

Rust vs Elixir, with 50 agents

In January I wrote that languages like Rust would matter more as AI writes more of our code. In September I froze the Rust code and rebuilt my agent platform in Elixir.

Rust the language was fine. The tooling around it was built for one person at one machine with a warm cache. Fifty agents in fresh checkouts, and dozens of pull requests hitting CI at once, is a different world: 47 GB of build artifacts on one laptop, a 15-minute CI median, and a one-minute build target we never got near.

Two backends, same specs, same agents, almost the same number of commits. Then I picked the wrong winner, and reversed it eleven days later.

From the blog.

My personal blog is where I think in public about leadership, self-discipline, philosophy, and AI.

Books are a big part of who I am.

I learned my way into this career through books. This is a small selection close to the work; the reading page holds the broader trail.

Cover of AI Engineering
AI

AI Engineering

Chip Huyen

Great intro on adding AI to your app. Particularly good coverage on evals.

Cover of This Is Marketing
Marketing

This Is Marketing

Seth Godin

Small and dense, like all Godin books. Fully highlighted, re-read every few weeks.

Cover of Dune
Fiction

Dune

Frank Herbert

Classic of fiction, of resilience, of human nature and politics.

1-1 AI Advisory

Alongside my current role at PayNearMe and my mentorships, I’m taking on a few 1-1 advisory relationships with engineering leaders applying AI inside their organizations.

How it works
Dui Toledo

Dui Toledo

Engineering leader in São Paulo.

I have spent 23 years building software, teams, and companies, from engineer to CTO and COO. I’m currently a VP of Engineering at PayNearMe, focused on engineering quality and AI enablement.

In my own time, I study AI by running dozens of agents, pushing the boundaries of what they can do, and writing down what I learn.

What is on your mind?